Audio systems use technical terms that may seem complex at first glance. This section covers the most common ones and explains them in a simple way: power, input types, signals, pressure levels, etc. This way, you'll better understand how each component works and what each parameter means.
Mastering the technical vocabulary is the first step to mastering the system.
What is RMS power?
It is the actual power an amplifier can continuously deliver without distorting the sound. It is measured in watts (W) and helps determine how much energy a loudspeaker needs to sound good without risk of damage.
It helps in choosing compatible loudspeakers and avoiding issues caused by too much or too little power.
What does a 100 V line mean?
It is a type of installation that allows many loudspeakers to be connected to the same system without losing power. It uses transformers in the loudspeakers and is ideal for large buildings or distributed systems.
It simplifies the installation of many loudspeakers over long distances and with thin cable sections.
What is sound pressure level or SPL?
This is the sound level that reaches the ear, measured in decibels (dB). It depends on the system's power and the distance from the speaker.
It's used to ensure that messages are heard clearly in all areas.
What does SNR mean in audio?
It is the ratio between the level of the useful signal (voice or music) and the background noise. It is measured in decibels: the higher the number, the cleaner and clearer the sound.
It helps ensure that messages are not lost among interference or noise.
What is a polar diagram?
It is a graphical representation that shows how sound is distributed (or sensitivity) from a microphone or loudspeaker in different directions. It is drawn in a circular shape, indicating how much energy is emitted or received depending on the angle.
It helps to understand whether a device is directional, omnidirectional, bidirectional, or cardioid, and how it behaves in different acoustic environments.
What does 0 dB input mean?
It is a professional-level input used to connect devices such as PA systems, mixing consoles, or audio processors.
It provides a stable, high-quality signal for precise technical integrations.
What is an AUX input?
It is a connection that allows sound to be introduced from external devices such as mobile phones, computers, or players.
It is used for background music or scheduled messages without interfering with security functions.
What is a MIC input?
It is the input designed for microphones. It has special sensitivity and usually includes functions such as priority or supervision.
It allows live speech, especially in situations that require human intervention.
What is the difference between stereo and mono signals?
Stereo signal has two channels (left and right), while mono signal has only one. Stereo is used for music, and mono is used for voice messages that need to be heard equally through all loudspeakers.
In alert systems, the signal is converted to mono to ensure uniformity across all zones.